IMO Introduces the First International Code for Autonomous Ships

On 1 July 2026, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) introduced the world’s first Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) Code, marking a major milestone in the future of global shipping. The new framework provides the first internationally recognized safety standards for autonomous and remotely operated commercial vessels.

The rapid development of artificial intelligence, automation, and remote-control technologies is transforming the maritime industry. Around the world, shipping companies and technology developers are testing vessels capable of operating with reduced crews or being controlled entirely from shore-based operation centers. Until now, however, there has been no unified international regulatory framework governing these vessels.

The new MASS Code establishes safety requirements covering the design, construction, operation, maintenance, and management of autonomous ships. It also addresses key areas such as navigation, communication systems, cybersecurity, fire safety, risk assessment, emergency response, and the operation of Remote Operations Centres (ROCs), which may control vessels from shore.

Despite the growing role of automation, the IMO emphasizes that human oversight remains essential. Even when a vessel is remotely operated or partially autonomous, responsibility for its safe operation continues to rest with qualified personnel. The code is designed to ensure that advanced technologies work alongside experienced maritime professionals rather than replacing them entirely.

At this stage, the MASS Code enters into force as a non-mandatory international instrument, allowing flag states, shipowners, classification societies, and equipment manufacturers to gain practical experience before mandatory regulations are introduced. According to the IMO roadmap, a mandatory version of the code is expected to be adopted before the end of the decade and incorporated into the SOLAS Convention.

The introduction of the MASS Code represents one of the most significant developments in maritime regulation in recent years. As autonomous technologies continue to evolve, the new framework is expected to improve safety, support innovation, and provide a consistent international approach to the operation of the next generation of commercial vessels.